Womens Rights Essay Introduction Essay Example for Free

Womens Rights Essay Introduction Essay Throughout life, Women have been experiencing a kind of situation where they do not receive equal rights as men. It is a spread of nationalism and it brings awareness to several of people. A majority group of women from different countries, races, cultures and languages speak of situations where they have been abused, threatened, victimized, mistreated and judged based on their appearance and capabilities. In spite that it is an issue, women perform their behavior in a different kind manner from fear and the decisions they make will change their life drastically. This is a form of crime where a woman faces violence that they do not deserve, whether it is in public or in a private context. There is a huge difference between the treatments both men and women receive. The fact that they are both different genders, these difference include their privilege to vote, their power of their political, their figure in what they are as an individual and their social engagement. It has become a huge impact in today’s society and from the past years, considering, that it has changed the world’s views and aspects towards women. However, women fight for their equal rights and their self determination as a mother and as an individual woman. During their movement, it has impacted the society and their hard work has finally paid off it includes their suffrage, movements and their discrimination which now Women can do anything. The issue of women’s rights has become a widespread. Over the eighteen hundreds, women from different countries around the world such as China, Afghanistan, Brazil, India, the U.  S and plenty of more countries, have had a huge impact towards a women, and until now it still has. Millions of women in every society struggled to strive for their equal rights in their country and their roles which would benefit them to redefine their lives. It involves their education and their access to political. In many cases women faces obstacles pertaining about â€Å"pregnancy, abortion, childbirth, HIV, reproductive tract infections and AIDS†, this is considered sex slavery. In this situation, it brings a daunting decision for a woman to face and overcome these obstacles, considering the fact that it may risk their lives or their health, internally and emotionally. Although, women’s fight for themselves, to gain respect and their freedom from this abusive sexual behavior to regain their dignity and justice. For example, Susan B. Anthony is one of the most well known person that supported Women’s Rights, regarding how she stood up for herself and for the entire group of women that is facing this kind of crisis, which she faced at the Declaration of Rights in July 1876. Susan quotes that We ask justice, we ask equality, we ask that all the civil and political rights that belong to citizens of the United States, be guaranteed to us and our daughter’s forever. † She was the leader of the union where she gathered a majority group of women to fight for what they believed was right! It included blacks and any sort of races. In contrast, Women were treated as if they were toy machines that obeyed their husband’s every desire. Basically, they were known as an image of a housewife. All they ever did was to cook, take care of their child including their family and did all the house chores, thus, if they were bored their hobby included sewing, their husbands were in control of their wages and lives. During that century, no one took an advice from women nor listened to what they had to say, concerning the fact that it was more than 15 countries all over the world. Women were looked down upon in the modern world; men had so much power against women. They believed that women are weak simply because of their appearance and their judgment about their capabilities, which they also believed that they are an easy target to rape. This situation that is occurring revolved around the world, how the treatment, misuse and abusive manner happen every day in a women’s life. The fact that men have a greater power; they abused this power to mistreat their wife or individual women, due to their different genders. Especially, how their husbands were given the right to beat their wives when they were angry at them also they had the privilege to lock them in a basement or wherever. For instance, during the 1960’s some housewives had the opportunity to vote and women did not get equal pay as men did when they worked. In addition, men receive greater opportunities than women, compared to women, they receive fewer opportunities. Therefore, women fought for themselves to rebel against their oppression, because of this controversial act. A majority group of women formed together to end this crisis, that they called their group â€Å"The National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies† (NUWSS) which all began in the year of 1869 in  New York. A majority group of women went on protest to fight their beliefs as an individual for their equal rights. One of the situations they fought included their right to vote. It gave an illustration of the comparison to blacks and the rights of women. During the 1870’s, blacks were granted to vote while women were not, considering that women had to stay home to do the house chores while their husband went away and voted even if they weren’t interested in this. One of the Women that stood up for their gender and fought for this was, Elizabeth Cady Stanton she was the president of this, during the time of day along with Susan B. Anthony. As for every other woman, they all had their own beliefs in this situation; some were okay with this while some were not. Women’s that were involved and known as a suffragist, marched holding bans pertaining about their rights uphill and downhill they encouraged every other people to join them. In 1920 finally their hard work finally paid off, women were granted to vote however their privilege to work outside and their desires to get a higher education were not granted. Nevertheless, a movement in 1963, The National Organization of Women was formed by a group of women under the creed â€Å"to take action to bring women into full participation in the mainstream of American society now, exercising all privileges and responsibilities thereof in truly equal partnership with men†. This movement is a group of women who protested in what they believed was right for themselves. In recent years, their main focus in what they were doing was to receive equal payment like men, war protest for their rights. It included the same rights they wanted to obtain like how men were treated also how they in general should be treated like. They demanded equal rights such as the same job opportunities that will be opened up for them; political structure, social security and education should be granted. Several of Women demanded the rights of health services and the education they should receive. They opposed this through regulation and legislation amendment. An example, how women can do the same jobs as men is when men were assassinated in World War II. Women took over their jobs in a good term. This illustrates how women can be proven that their capabilities shouldn’t be judged. Unfortunately, when some of the men came back women were back in their old self, doing what they normally do.

Comparison and Analysis of Healthcare Systems

Comparison and Analysis of Healthcare Systems Abstract Health care plans are important components of health care systems of every country. A health care plan essentially facilitates the provision of health care to people living within a country or jurisdiction. There are millions of people who do not have access to health care across the world. This problem faces many countries including the United States where 15% of residents do not have access to health care insurance. The lack of access to health care by the population may be attributed to weaknesses in healthcare plans in different countries. It is therefore important to assess the weaknesses and strengths of different healthcare plans across the globe with a view to embracing the strengths of different healthcare plans and eliminating the weaknesses in these plans. The paper will evaluate healthcare plans in United States of America, Russia, Algeria and Bangladesh. These countries were chosen since they represent diversity as they are located in different continents, that is, North America, Europe, Africa and Asia respectively. The findings will reveal that developed countries such as Russia and the United States face challenges such as inaccessibility to healthcare insurance by citizens while developing countries such as Bangladesh and Algeria, the major challenges are inadequate funding for healthcare and lack of healthcare infrastructure and personnel to meet the healthcare needs of the population. The paper recommends that governments across the world allocate higher investment in healthcare infrastructure and personnel, collaborate with private sector to ensure different population segments have access to healthcare services at affordable costs and investment in preventive medicine to ensure that people do not succumb to avoidable illnesses. Finally, countries should explore alternative medicine including traditional medicine to ensure a larger proportion of people have access to healthcare services and invest in new technology and techniques in medicine including telemedicine to ensure people have access to healthcare services irrespective of location barriers. Introduction Healthcare is an important need which every human being requires to survive. Healthcare systems are equally important for all states since they meet healthcare needs of different population segments. Countries with healthy workers are more likely to achieve higher growth and development levels. An effective healthcare plan should provide for different aspects of healthcare including health care providers, healthcare funding, healthcare service provision and healthcare personnel among other aspects. Different countries have different healthcare plans with various weaknesses and strengths. However, many healthcare plans face challenges in funding and this is the reason many people do not have access to healthcare insurance or services globally. In order to ensure that each country has an effective healthcare plan, it is important to analyze different strategies which have been implemented by countries in different continents. As previously stated, this paper will analyze the healthcare systems present in the United States of America, Russia, Algeria and Bangladesh. The strengths of healthcare plans in Russia, Algeria and Bangladesh will be replicated to the United States plan in order to improve its efficiency. The United States health care plan is one of the best in the world. In this plan, healthcare is provided by collaboration between the government and private sector although the latter provides greater healthcare cover to ensure healthcare services are accessible by all. The government provides healthcare services through programs which include Medicaid, Medicare, Veterans Health Administration and the Childrens Health Insurance Programs (Christensen Jason, 2009). It offers efficient healthcare services to the majority of the population although one major weakness is that it is inaccessible by over 15% of the population due to lack of health care insurance. Healthcare in Russia on the other hand is also advanced and the country boasts of more healthcare workers, hospitals and physicians per capita than all countries in the world. The country relies on a modern Vision 2020 Health Plan which aims at increasing life expectancy and reducing the high mortality rate. It aims at increasing life expectancy to 75 years and reducing heart attacks and strokes, a major cause of Russian mortalities, by 20%. Healthcare provision in Algeria is not comparable with developed countries. There are few hospital beds, physicians and poor access to sanitation and water, all of which undermine healthcare provision. Although the healthcare policy focuses on prevention of disease, poor sanitation and lack of access to water causes measles, hepatitis, tuberculosis, cholera, typhoid fever and dysentery. Healthcare in Bangladesh is also relatively poor with more than 60% of the population lacking access to modern healthcare services. Its huge population of over 100 million people serves to exhaust the limited health resources present with projections expecting it to increase to over 200 million by 2035. Although Algeria and Bangladesh have poor healthcare service plans, there may be positive attributes which may be adopted by the US healthcare plan. Further analysis into these healthcare plans will reveal whether the United States should borrow any effective healthcare plans from Russia, Algeria and B angladesh. This analysis will be undertaken below; Analysis of health care plan for selected countries United States healthcare plan The United States healthcare plan is one of the most efficient in the world. As previously stated, most of the healthcare service provision is undertaken by the private sector although the government offers healthcare through programs such as Medicaid, Medicare, Veterans Health Administration and the Childrens Health Insurance Programs. The US spends more funds on healthcare per person compared to the rest of the UN states apart from East Timor. However, despite the investment in healthcare, approximately 35% of people are underinsured and 15% are uninsured. Although more funds are spent on healthcare compared to many other states, there are complaints that the healthcare services provided are not commensurate to the money paid. The US faces low life expectancy at 42 and high infant mortality rate compared to many developed nations. Usually, healthcare is paid for using health insurance through various programs including government programs, individual program, employers program or s pousal benefits from employers. Non-profit organizations sometimes cater for charity cases for those who cannot afford insurance. Emergency care is however provided to all irrespective of whether they can afford treatment or not. Strengths and weaknesses There are several strengths and weaknesses of the US healthcare plan. Strengths include accessibility to modern technology and a large number of physicians to cater for healthcare needs of patients. The US healthcare plan also ensures all people have access to emergency care irrespective of whether they can afford it or not, which ensures lives are saved in cases of emergencies. The fact that the private sector and government collaborate to provide healthcare ensures that a larger number of people are covered and have access to healthcare services. Finally, the large expenditure by government on healthcare ensures that better healthcare services are provided to all. However, there are certain weaknesses in the healthcare plan and the first is the inaccessibility of health insurance by many. Over 15% of people in the US do not have access to healthcare insurance and 35% of people are underinsured (Mahar, 2006). This is a weakness since a large number of people cannot access healthcare as a result. There are also weaknesses in quality of healthcare provided with complaints that the services received for healthcare are not commensurate to payments made. Finally, the low life expectancy at 42, and high infant mortality rate compared to many developed nations, reveals weaknesses in healthcare service provision. Russia health care plan As discussed in the introduction, Russia boasts of more healthcare workers, hospitals and physicians per capita than all countries in the world. Healthcare in Russia is also funded through partnership between the private sector and government. Healthcare is paid through healthcare insurance and there are over 300 insurers who operate currently in the healthcare system. However, it faces challenges in high mortality rates and low life expectancy. As a result, the government developed a Vision 2020 Plan which aims at increasing the life expectancy and reducing the mortality rate (Field, 2001). There is optimism that the plan will work especially with the involvement of the public in developing this healthcare plan. The new healthcare plan also aims at promoting healthy lifestyles, improving paramedic services for accident victims, developing Russian medicines, improving blood service, improving early cancer detection and increasing access to medical technology by the population. The go vernment is also encouraging more women to conceive through increased child support benefits and incentives to women who have more than two children. Strengths and weaknesses There are several weaknesses and strengths which are associated with Russias healthcare plan. Strengths include the Vision 2020 Plan which aims at increasing the life expectancy and reducing the mortality rate, which will improve the quality of life of population. This healthcare plan will address various healthcare issues including development of medicines, early cancer detection, medical technology accessibility, increased child births and blood service among others. Another strength of Russias healthcare plan is the large number of hospitals and physicians available to patients, with Russia boasting of more healthcare workers, hospitals and physicians per capita than all countries in the world. Weaknesses include the high mortality rates and low life expectancy. These are attributable to drug abuse, high suicide rates and increased cardiovascular illnesses. Poor service provision is also another challenge and this is traced to a decrease in funding to healthcare provision after th e 1980s. Algerias health care plan As earlier stated, healthcare provision in Algeria is not comparable with developed countries, with few hospital beds, physicians and poor access to sanitation and water, all of which undermine healthcare provision. Healthcare primarily focuses on prevention of disease as opposed to treatment due to the low age of the average population. The healthcare in Algeria also focuses on providing free healthcare to poor people who cannot afford healthcare services. The private sector and government provide healthcare to the people although the larger proportion of care is provided by the government. Since the 1980s, average investment in healthcare by the government has increased by over 20% which has improved quality of care (Oxford Business Group, 2008). There are a few foreigners who practice medicine in Algeria and these are from Russia, France, Vietnam and Eastern Europe. The government requires doctors to work in public hospitals for at least five years before commencing service to pri vate hospitals. However, the average quality of care compared to developed nations is low due to problems facing the country including poor sanitation and lack of access to water which leads to measles, hepatitis, tuberculosis, cholera, typhoid fever and dysentery. There is also limited access to healthcare services by the population due to a limitation in hospitals and healthcare personnel present. Strengths and weaknesses There are various strengths and weaknesses which are associated with healthcare provision in Algeria. Strengths include the fact that the government finances treatment for poor people who cannot afford healthcare services which ensures that the poor have access to healthcare. The average investment in healthcare by the government since 1980s has increased by over 20% which has improved quality of care and this is another benefit. Algerias healthcare plan primarily focuses on prevention of disease as opposed to treatment and this is one of the most effective strategies applied to any healthcare plan. Finally, the government requirement that doctors work in public hospitals for at least five years before commencing service to private hospitals ensures that few doctors immigrate to foreign countries or private hospitals before offering service to public hospitals where the larger proportion of the poor seek healthcare service. Weaknesses in the healthcare plan in Algeria includes poor s anitation and lack of access to water which faces the country, which leads to measles, hepatitis, tuberculosis, cholera, typhoid fever and dysentery. These diseases are all deadly and have contributed to the high mortality rates in Algeria. Another weakness is the low average quality of care provided for citizens, in comparison to care provided for by developed countries. This requires more government investment in healthcare and external support from international partners. Finally, the few hospitals, healthcare physicians and limitation of healthcare technology is another weakness which is present in the Algerian healthcare plan. Bangladesh healthcare plan Healthcare provision in Bangladesh is also relatively poor with more than 60% of the population lacking access to modern healthcare services. There is a shortage in physicians, hospitals and technology for use in healthcare. The large population of over 100 million also strains the few medical infrastructures available. However, the government has increased investment in healthcare over the years and significant gains are beginning to be realized. For instance, vaccine coverage in the country is one of the highest in the world, with 90% of children being vaccinated against a host of diseases. Public hospitals are mainly used for preventive and inpatient care while private ones are mostly used for outpatient care. A blend of traditional and modern medicine is used to cure a variety of diseases in Bangladesh. However, the private sector is mostly unregulated with people selling drugs and providing treatment having no professional background in medicine. This sometimes causes major heal th complications to patients. Healthcare is provided at different levels ranging from hospital care to home visits. Bangladesh however has a problem of inadequate healthcare physicians and hospitals to cater for healthcare needs for its large population. Strengths and weaknesses There are different weaknesses and strengths which are associated with the Bangladesh healthcare plan. The first strength is the large coverage of vaccine treatment which prevents many diseases amongst children. The second strength of this healthcare plan is the use of both traditional and modern medicine which addresses a host of illnesses. This medicine is provided at different levels including the hospital levels and family levels to ensure different population segments have access to different healthcare services. The increase in government investment in healthcare is another strength which strives to improve quality of healthcare accessed by the population. However, there are various weaknesses which are associated with healthcare provision in Bangladesh. The first is the limited healthcare infrastructure available which cannot cater for the large population. There are limited healthcare physicians and hospitals which limit the number of people with access to healthcare services . More than half the population cannot access healthcare services. Another weakness is poor regulation of people offering traditional medicine. As discussed, many people selling drugs and providing traditional treatment have no professional background in medicine. This threatens the lives of patients who seek healthcare services from them. Comparison of countries health care plan with US health care plan and aspects which should be borrowed by the United States The various healthcare plans for the United States, Bangladesh, Russia and Algeria have been discussed in detail in the paper. Each healthcare plan has different weaknesses and strengths. The United States has a relatively efficient plan although many residents do not have access to insurance. Russia has many healthcare physicians and hospitals although the mortality rate is high and life expectancy high due to preventable diseases. Algeria has an effective healthcare policy which focuses on preventative care although low investment in healthcare and poor water and sanitation facilities has undermined the success of the healthcare plan. Bangladesh has a broad traditional and modern medicine approach at different levels although high population growth rates and poor regulation of traditional medicine has undermined the system. There are various aspects of these health care systems which should be embraced by the United States in order to improve healthcare service provision. This will be discussed in this section of the paper and it will be done on a country by country basis. The United States may replicate Russias system where a broad vision is developed with realistic targets which are meant to improve service provision. This vision should aim at reducing the number of people without access to healthcare insurance and reducing healthcare costs to the average citizen. This system should be developed in consultation with citizens as Russia did to ensure its overall success. The United States should also borrow various aspects from the Bangladesh system. It should offer medical care at different levels and consider investing in home visits for patients who cannot access healthcare services. The United States should also consider alternative forms of medical care including traditional medicine since it is proven to cure some conditions and illnesses just as effectively as modern medicines (Starr, 2001). Finally, the United States should replicate some effective strategies from the Algerian healthcare system including investing in preventive care, which is o ne of the most effective strategies in tackling modern illnesses and conditions. The government should also consider paying healthcare costs for the poor as it currently practiced in Algeria, which will ensure that more people have access to high quality healthcare services. Summary and conclusion The paper has analyzed the healthcare systems and plans for four countries including the United States, Russia, Bangladesh and Algeria. These healthcare plans have been seen to have different weaknesses and strengths which have been discussed in the paper. Developed countries including the United States and Russia have been seen to have different challenges in healthcare compared to developing countries such as Algeria and Bangladesh. Although Russia and the US have access to higher funding and investment in healthcare, they still have a significant portion of their population without access to healthcare insurance. Algeria and Bangladesh face challenges in funding and improving the quantity and quality of healthcare infrastructure including hospitals and number of physicians. It is the responsibility of governments across the world to ensure that citizens have access to high quality healthcare services. This can be achieved by higher investment in healthcare infrastructure and perso nnel as well as adopting successful practices in different nations. Developed nations should help fund healthcare in developing nations which face challenges in funding. Governments should also collaborate with private sector to ensure different population segments have access to healthcare services at affordable costs. Investment in preventive medicine will ensure that people do not succumb to avoidable illnesses. Alternative medicine including traditional medicine should also be explored since this will ensure a larger proportion of people have access to healthcare services. Finally, countries should explore new technology and techniques in medicine including telemedicine to ensure people have access to healthcare services irrespective of location barriers. This will ensure that all countries enjoy higher life expectancy levels and lower mortality levels.

Grandpa Blakeslee in Burns Cold Sassy Tree :: essays research papers

In life, people crave guidance. At some point, everyone needs a helping hand. Some people turn to one another, while other turn to great forces of power, such as God. Many people live accordingly to the rules of God, and in turn are directed in leading a better life. In the brilliant novel Cold Sassy Tree, by Olive Ann Burns, Grandpa Blakeslee is such a person. Whenever Grandpa faces an obstacle, he turns to God. Grandpa turns to God whenever he needs true help. Grandpa is a type of person who is mild, witty, and rather religious. Grandpa uses religion to solve many of his problems. At the beginning of the story, Miss Love was the target of gossip. The entire town viewed her as an outsider and couldn’t understand why she married Grandpa, especially after his wife had recently died. After Grandpa elopes, he comes back to the house and finds a group of people mourning the sad death. When Grandpa prays, â€Å"Lord above, afore this gatherin’ assembled, I ask You to bless the memory of Miss Mattie Lou† (99). Everyone stood shockingly, in silence as Grandpa continued the prayer. When he finishes singing the praises of his deceased wife, and asking for guidance for his new one, the crowd has a change of heart. It was a strange thing that happened then. My mama went up to her pa and kissed him and, crying, hugged Miss Love, who, crying, hugged her back. My daddy kissed Miss Love on the cheek and then shook hands with Grandpa. Uncle Camp naturally did the same thing (100). Slyly, Grandpa used the power of God to divert the feelings of the crowd. While Will is talking to Grandpa about his frightening encounter with the train, he asks Grandpa if â€Å"[he is] alive [because] of God’s will† (97). Without fail, Grandpa responds with wise words. He tells Will that â€Å"God gave [him] a brain† (97). This shows that Grandpa believes God doesn’t deal with the everyday mumbo jumbo, only the things that are life altering. He believes that God doesn’t need to be there for us twenty-four hours a day, but will give us certain abilities that assist you when you need assistance. Conclusively, Grandpa starts to give Will a sermon.

Fight :: essays papers

Fight At a huge party in Long Beach Island, locals show up at the party. The house is small, but it has a front lawn that is a nice size to throw a party. The house and lawn is surrounded by a fence that is sharp at the top to prevent anyone from climbing over it easily. The house is between several other houses that are owned by families. The party is being thrown by kids that only go there for the summers. There is high tension between the locals and the summer kids. Therefore, when the locals showed up, the summer kids immediately threw them out. They were all talking about the incident and laughing. However, it was not over with. The locals came back with more numbers to start a fight. Act I Scene 1 The scene begins with three car loads of local kids pulling up to the house. Jason Gorski, Jeff Storms, Eddie Frost, Rich Mickens, Rob Philops, and Jake Collins are the tough guys that are at the party. The rest of the party is compiled of sailors and girls. The six see them getting out of there cars and start walking fast over to greet them. Jeff: (As he walks counts how many there are. He finds there are well over twelve of them and only six of them, so he makes a strategy of taking as many as he can out quickly.) Rob: (He clenches his fists as he walks, getting pumped up.) Jake: He waits behind the rest because he is not too sure what is to come. Jason: (He is behind the rest with Jake, but doesn’t want to miss any action, so he speeds up to the front.) Jeff: (He goes directly up to one of the locals and head buts him.) The kids nose busts open and blood is poring everywhere. Jeff must have broken the kids nose. Jeff: (After he head buts the one kid, he takes another kid down to the ground with a head in the chest double leg. He repeatedly punched the kid in the face.) The kid was bleeding harshly from his face. Jason: (He walks up to one of the guys and just starts hitting him in the face.

Strategic Alliances: A Competitive Necessity

The past two decades has been an era of global evolution, in which the globalisation of markets, the convergence of and rapid shifts in technologies, and the breakdown of many traditional industry boundaries, has rendered strategic alliances a competitive necessity (Ohmae, 1989). A single firm is unlikely to possess all the resources and capabilities to achieve global competitiveness. Therefore, collaboration among organisations that possess complementary resources is often necessary for survival and growth (Dussauge, Garrette and Mitchell, 1998).Defined as a long-term, explicit contractual agreement pertaining to an exchange or combination of some of a firm's resources with another firm(s), strategic alliances allow firms to share risks and resources, gain knowledge and technology, expand the existing product base, and obtain access to new markets (Burgers, Hill and Kim, 1993; Dacin, Hitt and Levitas, 1997; HagedoornAlthough the benefits of strategic alliances are well documented, w hether strategic alliances can be a viable entry strategy option for small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) to successfully penetrate markets held by major incumbent suppliers is less clear.In this paper, strategic alliances are shown to be an effective entry-cum-deterrence strategy for SMEs to successfully penetrate markets that are well established and dominated by major corporations. In addition, the conditions under which SMEs can use strategic alliances as an entry strategy without restricting themselves to target only those markets ignored by bigger firms are identified.In terms of methodology, this paper follows a deductive approach – one based on game theory, to examine explicitly the reactions of bigger firms to the entry of SMEs into their markets, specifically taking into account the resource limitations faced by SMEs. To verify that the theoretical arguments presented are consistent with practice, two cases of the use of strategic alliances by SMEs as an entry s trategy to penetrate markets dominated by major corporations are examined. The practices and experiences of these SMEs were found to be consistent with the theoretical arguments presented here.

Chacarter Analysis in Chekhov’s The Bet

â€Å"The Bet† is quite an interesting story since it can be appreciated as a simple reading-piece or as a complex, contentious, argumentative text that deals with the very controversial topic of capital punishment. From the very beginning, it grabs the reader's attention by introducing the death penalty issue as the chief subject of a pretty heated discussion between two characters that, by merely expressing their point of view, will become the two main characters of the story. One of them is an old banker who has made a great fortune by participating in some highly profitable investments.The other one is a young, promising lawyer who shares his life with, apparently, no one. The banker, old-fashioned as he is, believes capital punishment is far more effective than imprisonment for life; however, this being said, the young lawyer stands up and does not hesitate when it comes for him to speak out his point of view: that life imprisonment is what should be applied by law becaus e â€Å"†¦ The death sentence and the life sentence are equally immoral, but†¦ To live anyhow is better than not to all. Consequently, a lively discussion arose and the banker got aired away by excitement and, therefore, betted two million pounds that the lawyer wasn't going to be strong enough to stay in solitary confinement for five years. In the heat of the moment, or maybe because of his self-determination; not only did the lawyer take the bet, but actually made it worth for fifteen years. But who was the strongest? Who was going to successfully prove his point of view to the others? Well, the author (Anton Chekhov) wrote this particular story in an absolutely objective way: he did not evidence his personal point of view whatsoever.In fact, this story turned UT to be so impartial that it is rather hard to tell who's right and who's wrong when it comes to an end. Therefore, we can only assume that, in order to achieve this degree of neutrality, the author had to use tw o much defined personalities. This is probably why this two men can be described so easily: because of their strong and determined character that will only help us understand why do they stand by this two very opposite ideologies. The lawyer, as far as he has been described throughout the story, totally fulfils this requirement by being as ambitious, focused and determined s he is.And why can the reader be so sure that the lawyer is that ambitious? Simply because it takes a lot of this quality to be able to give up absolutely everything for the humble figure of two million pounds. And why can the audience describe this amount of money as a humble figure? Just because, compared to freedom, this money is completely worthless. Why would someone be after so much money if he is wasting fifteen years of his life by staying voluntarily locked up? Earnestly, It cannot be explained since nothing should really matter when your freedom is at stake†¦ Nothing would be more important.After a ll, let us Just remember that the lawyer's ambition is far from stopping there: he was also quite hungry for wisdom and knowledge. During his incarceration years, the lawyer did actually grow to enjoy, and even love, the reading and learning of various aspects such as languages, philosophy, history, sciences, medicine, theology and literature. Besides, once the bet was accepted by both men, it was decided that the lawyer would stay under the strictest supervision, being exclusively aloud to ask for books, a musical instrument, wine, cigarettes and newspapers.Nevertheless, the lawyer refused wine and tobacco because â€Å"†¦ Wine excites the desires, and tobacco spoilt the air of his room†¦ â€Å". Therefore, he had to adjust by getting used to spend all of his time surrounded by books. He, then, went from Shakespeare and Byron all the way to The Gospel and a manual of medicine. The more he spent in that prison, the more information he got into his system. But it was neve r quite enough. Nothing was ever enough. Now, when it comes to the lawyer's extreme determination, there is one specific quote that fits in perfectly: â€Å"†¦ UT I would stay not five, but fifteen years†. This informs all possible doubts about the lawyer being ready to sacrifice everything for one simple bet. Moreover, it verifies that he is a rather lonely and solitary man. Albeit we can only guess what was going through the lawyer's mind when he decided to extend the five-year bet by ten years; supposing that he might have felt that five years were not nearly enough as for him to demonstrate he was right and â€Å"defeat† the banker might be a quite accurate presumption.Also, when it comes for him to demonstrate how wiser he had grown during those shelter years, he immediately wants to make everyone aware of his knowledge. This is why he decides to write a letter in six different languages, all of which he learned while being in prison; and asks the banker to m ail it to anyone who could correct him so that, should they find not one mistake, a shot should be fired as for him to be aware of whether he had done well or not. The banker, satisfying the lawyer's request, did as he had been asked to and, as a consequence, two shots were fired.This filled the lawyer's hart with an â€Å"†¦ Unearthly happiness†¦ â€Å", thus it corroborates that he was strong-minded about making the most out of this fifteen years even if many other men would have insider it a waste of time and a way of throwing a person's life away. Let us not forget that the lawyer's determination went so far that he actually turned down the to million pounds payment that was owed to him for being able to cope with the voluntary fifteen-years imprisonment. He even said he despised â€Å"†¦ Freedom and life and health. And that is why, to provide evidence for it, he was to leave the prison â€Å". Five hours before the time fixed, and so break the compact†¦ † Was he or was he not ready to do anything and everything as to impose his standpoint? I think he was, he finitely was. Being as focused as he is might be considered as another great quality of his that allowed him to muddle through with the voluntary imprisonment. He somehow managed to make up a plan that would, eventually, prevent him from finding himself full of spare time and nothing to spend it on.It must be really hard to stay in a room for fifteen year without losing your mind. Admirably, he achieved it. Even though, the first couple of years he spent in that room weren't especially easy for him (â€Å"†¦ He suffered severely from loneliness and depression†¦ â€Å", spent days eating and drinking ND lying on his bed, yawned angrily while talking to himself and wrote things so as to tear them up later), he did finally focus and realized how much he could accomplish if he only took it seriously and worked hard. And he did.Just remember the extent of his adva nced language, theology, philosophy, history, sciences and literature studies, and decide for yourself whether he wasted his time or not. He used up those years by learning new skills: he read books, studied various subjects, played the piano, and finally found a way so as to let people know that he had done all those things. His thirst for knowledge could only be satisfied by learning more and more, non-stop; and after carrying out this Job, he made sure his efforts were properly recognized.It takes a lot of strength to be capable of dedicating such a lot of time to one particular thing, but it takes even more vigor to do it from prison and for fifteen years. He controlled himself well enough, focusing on â€Å"the task† and; as a result, proved that voluntary incarceration could be handled as promised. When I was told to write an essay describing either the banker or the lawyer, I thought it couldn't really be done. However, finding three main qualities that made them so di fferent but gave them both a strong character was not as hard as I thought it would be.I decided to choose the lawyer simply because, in my opinion, he's constantly developing. At the very beginning of the story, he says that life should be appreciated more than anything else. Yet, when the story comes to an end; he states that, after going through everything that he went through during those fifteen years, he now despises life and health. Besides, he is pretty ever-changing, as it can be seen when he modifies his activities from year to year during his incarceration time.Now, as far as I'm concerned, none of this transformations he went through, was really a decisive point when it comes for the reader to choose which is better: incarceration for life or capital punishment. Why? Well, simply because his condition after spending fifteen years in Jail substantiates the fact that lifelong imprisonment kills slowly: the lawyer was so thin that â€Å"He was a skeleton with the skin draw n tight over his bones†¦ â€Å", his face was yellow and his cheeks hollow, his hands were thin and delicate and his hair had grown silver. â€Å". No one could have believed that he was only forty. Consequently, I believe that, in order to finish this piece of writing properly, some words about the main theme of the story should be wrote down. Therefore, I shall include my personal opinion on the subject: I believe that â€Å"The State Is not God. It has not the right to take away what it cannot restore when it wants to. † It isn't immoral to apply imprisonment for life as a way of punishment for those who kill or rape. It is only fair. However, it is quite understandable when people think of a murderer and wish they could see him gone for good.Even so, nowadays, we cannot afford having people who take Justice on their own hands applying the eye for an eye ancient policy, it Just wouldn't work†¦ It would turn societies into many messy anarchist systems. When you make use of that kind of policy, you turn into an even more immoral person than whoever did it simply because you are committing the same crime (even if it isn't against the law) and you are simply doing it as a vendetta. Likewise, it is not up to the State to decide who dies and who doesn't. If the State kills, no matter the reasons they might give for doing such a thing, it is still like killing someone.It shouldn't even be considered as a possibility to deal with the criminals because it only sends out one message: killing is the solution; and that can only lead to a more violent society. This being already said, I suppose this story never gives out a conclusion. It has an open ending as regards the capital punishment matter. It never says who's right and who's wrong and, because of this, it gives the reader the opportunity to consider the two viewpoints and make up an opinion for himself. Or at least, that is what happened to me. This confirms how this story is, after all, incre dibly objective.

Essay about The Legal History of China - 1630 Words

The Legal History of China Before I introduce the legal history of China, I want to talk about several points: First, introduce the legal history of China should be based on the general history of china: As everyone has know the general history of China, I will not introduce it in detail.( The ancient China had many dynasties, from the Xia Dynasty (21th-16th century before Christ), to the Shang Dynasty (16thà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢11th century B.C). West Zhou Dynasty (11century B.C-256 B.C. total 800 years), the Spring and Autumn Period (770 B.C.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢476 B.C), Warring States Period (403-221 BC),the Qin Dynasty (221B.Cà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢206B.C.) ,the Han Dynasty (202B.C,24EMPORALS,406years), Three Kingdoms (220 - 265)†¦show more content†¦1 slave society, including The xia, Shang, west zhou three Dynasties. 2 feudal society , from Qin dynast to Qing dynasty, the duration is from 210 B.C. to 1841 3 semi-feudal , semi-colony society, from 1841 to 1949 4 socialism society from 1949 till now Then, I want to generally combine the qualities or features of the legal system that distinguishes one stage from another In the legal education of China, we teach the legal system of each dynasty respectively. If I select this kind of method to introduce the legal system of china, I can not finish it in just 15 minutes. Therefore, I want to form general conclusions of each stage. I slave society, First, theocracy and divinity Judge, nemesis We can find it in the old books, and can easy find it from the literal meaning and structure of the word of law. The Chinese word of law in ancient Chinese, is constituted with three parts, which are water, unicorn and go. Water means equity like water, unicorn, another named ancient goat, which reputed to gore guilty pers at court, go means to gore. Second, patriarchal clan system no difference between the country and the family. People were divided into different classes, and people of different status must abide the rule of his class Third, emphasizeShow MoreRelatedThe Legal Systems Of China And India1395 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Paper: The Legal Systems of China and India Introduction China and India are two nations that have endured significant political and economic change. 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Basics of Contract Law - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1262 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Narrative essay Level High school Tags: Act Essay Contract Law Essay Did you like this example? Invitation to Treat Invitation to treat is a contract law term. However, it is not an offer. It is merely an invitation to others to make offers. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Basics of Contract Law" essay for you Create order It is a sort of preliminary negotiation to buy something and it follows that an invitation to treat cannot be accepted and there is no commitment to sell or offer which could be accepted. The court will always look at the language used or the inferred intention of the parties when deciding between an invitation to treat. Invitation to treat often appears in the shops display, tenders, advertisements, auctions, price list and catalogues, preliminary enquiries and supply of information. It is important that an offer must be distinguished from invitation to treat. Next, we will discuss about the cases which involves in invitation to treat. Auctions The display of goods at an auctioneerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s table and auctioneers calls for bids is an invitation to treat. The bids made by persons at the auction are offers, which the auctioneer can accept or reject as he chooses. The fall of hammer is the acceptance. Similarity, the bidder may retract his bid before the hammer falls and the bid is accepted. It becomes a contract when the hammer falls or the auctioneer bang the gable down. Case 1 from UK Auctioneerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s request for bids is an invitation to treat. The bid itself is an offer which the vendor can accept or reject. However, when the hammer falls, it became contract. Payne v Cave (1789) Fact: Mr.Cave made the highest bid for Mr.Payneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s goods at an auction. However, Mr.Cave changed his mind and he withdrew his bid before the auctioneer brought down his hammer. The auction was under standard conditions. Held: According to [Section 2 of the Contract Act], it was held that the defendant was not bound to purchase the goods. His bid amounted to an offer which he was entitled to withdraw at any time before the auctioneer signified acceptance by knocking down the hammer. In an auction, the auctioneerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s call for bids is an invitation to treat, a request for offers. The bidder may retract his bid up until the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“fall of the hammerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Case 2 from UK Advertisement stating a sale by auction à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“without reserveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  is an offer. Warlow v Harrison (1859) Fact: In this case, a public auction of a horse, without reserve, was advertised by the defendant Harrison, an auctioneer. The Plaintiff, Warlow attended the sale and bid 60 guineas and the horseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s owner attended too and bid 61 guineas. The Plaintiff knew that it was the horse owner who bid 61 guineas, so he did not make any further bud. The auctioneer, Harrision, knocked down the hammer 3 times to the horse owner. The Plaintiff claimed that the horse was his since he was the highest bona fide purchaser at an unreserved sale. The issue of the case was whether there was a contract for sale. Held: According to [Section 2 of the Contract Act 1950], the court held that the sale should be without reserve, the auctioneer had made a definite order in his advertisement to this effect. The owner could not bid on its own property. The Plaintif f, by making his bid in reliance upon it had accepted the offer. So, the contract was formed. The court ruled that in a sale by auction à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“without reserveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , the vendor cannot bid at auction. There was a breach of contract between auctioneer and highest bona fide bidder, therefore the plaintiff has the right of action against the auctioneer. Case 3 from Malaysia In Malaysia, the general rule that applied in an auction is when the sale is concluded at the fall of hammer. MJ Frozen Food Anor v Siland Sdn Bhd Anor (1994) Fact: This case involved a sale of land in a public auction. It revolves around whether a sale was concluded at the fall of the auctioneers hammer relating to a sale of land at a public auction. The right to be heard where the purchasers of a judicial sale apply for an extension of time to pay the balance of the purchase price. Held: According to [Section 2 of the Contract Act 1950], the court held that at the fall of the hammer, an agreement is concluded between vendor and the highest bidder. Therefore, the vendor cannot offer the goods to other buyers and bidder cannot retract his acceptance. The Supreme Court per Wan Yahya SCJ, held that: A purchaser of land may fail to obtain good title in two distinct ways. First will be the title of the vendor is bad. Next, still if the vendor has a good title, there might be s ome invalidating defects in conveyance or transactions in which purchaser attempted to obtain title. Where the vendors title is good but the instrument that was used by a purchaser for registration is void or voidable, the effect on such registration will only grant on the person in whose name the land is registered. The registration of the insufficient and void instrument can be set aside.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  In addition, in the Federal Court stated that in s 340 of the NLC, the distinctive use of the words proprietor and purchaser did not consider. Summary: Based on the 3 cases above, there are different principles that apply in an auction. For the case of Payne v Cave (1789) and MJ Frozen Food Anor v Siland Sdn Bhd Anor (1994), the similarity for both of the cases is the sale is concluded at the fall of hammer. The auctioneer is the agent of the vendor and the assent of both parties is necessary to make the contract binding. Besides that, it is signified on the part of the se ller by knocking down the hammer. Every of the bidding did nothing more than an offer on one side which is not binding on either side until it is assented to. However, for the case of Warlow v Harrison (1859), the principle is different from the other two cases above. According to [Section 2 of the Contract Act], the case apply that an advertisement stating a sale by auction à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“without reserveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , is an offer. Neither the vendor nor any person in his behalf shall bid at the auction, and that the property should be sold to the highest bidder, whether the bid is equivalent to the real value of property or not. Conclusion Contract law comes into play in almost every aspect of life. The study and the application of the contract law make up a core component of the learning and the practice of law. The significance of the role played by an individualist society in the development of modern English contract law can barely be left without. Nevertheless, con tract law provides essential infrastructure for a market economy. There are certain contracting parties need protection of the law against economic exploitation and depression. Contract law is changing to reflect these changes in economic reality. This allows business world by making sure that if a party breaks his promise and persists with his rejection to act as agreed, the other parties may well wish to enforce performance. By allowing people to make their agreements legally binding, contract law increases certainty and predictability about the future. Lastly, with some amendment, it will benefit the minor with some guardian or guarantor from their parents. References https://www.slideshare.net/Elainebang/law-of-contract https://www.psb1.uum.edu.my/lpBin21/emaj.dll/Infobase9/%40o%40/37?f=templatesfn=document-frame.htmct=application%2Fpdf2.0 Malaysia Law Journal https://jeraldgomez.com/pdf/73956b3ddf6b1ae046dae1c6c7bc9388.pdf